日前，苹果第六次（Apple）发布年度“供应商社会责任”报告，无论是批评者还是竞争对手，势必都非常关注。

    值得一提的是，苹果首次在附件中披露了其主要供应商的名单——共计156家公司，它们绝大部分位于远东，代表了苹果97%的供应链。点击此处查看完整名单。

    此外，苹果还列举了在2011年对这些供应商进行审查的相关情况——发现了哪些违规行为，苹果对此有何反应。虽然大部分电子制造商在生产中雇佣的同样是这些地区的工人，但违规用工行为曝光后，苹果往往成为众矢之的。

    报告出乎意料地“坦白”了供应商的种种恶行。原文具体如下：

    • 18家工厂在招工和对待现有员工方面存在乙肝歧视，52家工厂缺少政策和措施以禁止基于体检结果的乙肝歧视。

    • 24家工厂进行过妊娠检查，56家工厂没有政策和措施以禁止对怀孕妇女的歧视。

    • 相关记录表明，总计93家工厂超过一半的员工在抽样调查的12个时间段内，至少有一周的工作时间超过了60小时的上限。

    • 90家工厂——超过了我们审查数量的一半，存在员工每月至少1次连续工作超过7天。37家工厂缺少切实有效的工作日控制系统，以确保员工至少每周能休息1天。

    • 42家工厂存在工资发放问题，其中包括拖欠、未向员工提供工资条等。

    • 668家工厂没有依法向员工提供完备的福利，例如社会保险和免费体检。49家工厂没有向员工提供带薪假期。

    • 67家工厂将扣除员工工资作为处罚措施。

    • 108家工厂没有依法支付加班工资。例如，没有按要求支付节假日加班工资。

    Apple's (AAPL) sixth annual "supplier responsibility" report is sure to be closely read by both critics and competitors.

    For one thing an addendum to the report lists for the first time the names of Apple's major subcontractors -- 156 companies, many in the Far East, representing 97% of the company's supply chain. The list is available here for anyone to read.

    For another, the report enumerates the violations discovered -- and Apple's responses -- in the company's 2011 audit of those suppliers. Although most electronics manufacturers rely on the same labor force to make their products, Apple tends to get singled for criticism when abuses come to light.

    The report issued this week is surprisingly frank about the nature of those abuses. In its audit, Apple discovered (I quote):

    • 18 facilities screened job candidates or current workers for hepatitis B, and 52 facilities lacked policies and procedures that prohibit discrimination based on results of medical tests.

    • 24 facilities conducted pregnancy tests, and 56 facilities did not have policies and procedures that prohibit discriminatory practices based on pregnancy.

    • 93 facilities had records that indicated more than 50 percent of their workers exceeded weekly working hour limits of 60 in at least 1 week out of the 12 sample period.

    • At 90 facilities, more than half of the records we reviewed indicated that workers had worked more than 6 consecutive days at least once per month, and 37 facilities lacked an adequate working day control system to ensure that workers took at least 1 day off in every 7 days.

    • 42 facilities had payment practice violations, including delayed payment for employees' wages and no pay slips provided to employees.

    • 68 facilities did not provide employees adequate benefits as required by laws and regulations, such as social insurance and free physical examinations. 49 facilities did not provide employees with paid leaves or vacations.

    • 67 facilities used deductions from wages as a disciplinary measure.

    • 108 facilities did not pay proper overtime wages as required by laws and regulations. For example, they did not provide sufficient overtime pay for holidays.